Observational
parks assessments (measure environmental
characteristics of parks and their users)
Observational
assessments of the park environment are conducted to gather
information about parks including: users, amenities, usability,
accessibility, and features. During the systematic observations
observers followed a strict protocol to assure comparability at
each of the parks included in the study.
The
systematic observations are conducted using the
SOPARC: System for Observation Play and Recreation in
Communities
tool
developed by Thomas L. McKenzie, Ph.D.
(“System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC):
Reliability and Feasibility Measures” Journal of Physical
Activity and Health, 2005).
SOPARC is a
direct observation tool for assessing physical activity and
associated people and environmental characteristics in park and
recreation settings.
The
systematic observations are conducted in each park
(year one: Eastwood Park @ Houston East End)
for seven day
period. Data documents date, time, location of each scan, and
condition of the activity area. Gender, age, activity level and
activity type for each person in each area are recorded. The
physical activity areas (target areas) were established with
respect to location, size, and boundaries by mapping each park
prior to the observation. Observations are conducted in all
target areas during four one-hour time periods beginning at 9:00
a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m. & 7:00 p.m.
